The balance of our immune system is crucial for maintaining overall health and well-being in human beings. When the immune system is overly active, it will attack the body’s own cells, tissues, and organs and cause autoimmune and inflammatory diseases; when the immune system is compromised, it cannot protect the body from harmful bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens and serious infections and diseases will result. The CNP™ Technology is to cool down overreacted immune systems by neutralizing inflammatory cytokines and autoantibodies or to restore the power of immune systems by neutralizing toxins and viruses.

The Cellular Nanoparticle generally includes a supportive nanoparticle core that is coated with intact wild-type or modified cell membranes which retain surface protein receptors. Several characteristics include:

Red Blood Cell CNP (RBC-CNP)

Our potent RBC-CNP has the membrane protein receptors and lipids that an innate red blood cell has, however, the high surface-volume ratio of the RBC-CNP allows it to act as a decoy to more effectively  bind and neutralize targets like anti-RBC autoantibodies and bacterial toxins—thereby protecting host RBCs. Importantly, RBC-CNP is safely cleared by the reticuloendothelial system, alleviating any concern about safety.

By binding to and neutralizing anti-RBC autoantibodies, RBC-CNP can effectively protect host RBCs and thus improve the treatment of autoimmune hemolytic anemia. By binding to and neutralizing bacterial toxins, RBC-CNP can effectively protect host immune cells, which can then function normally to clear the pathogens that produce the toxins.

White Blood Cell CNP (WBC-CNP)

White blood cells (WBCs) are vital immune cells involved in critical conditions like autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, infections, and cancer. Their diverse biological functions have inspired the creation of WBC membrane-coated nanoparticles (WBC-CNPs). These nanoparticles are made by merging the plasma membranes of WBCs—such as macrophages, neutrophils, T cells, and natural killer cells—onto synthetic nanoparticle cores. By inheriting the full range of antigens from the source cells, WBC-CNPs can mimic the original cells’ properties, acting as decoys with promising therapeutic potential.

Taking macrophage (MΦ) cells as an example, they are the foundation of our immune systems. MΦs surround and kill microorganisms, remove dead cells, and can even stimulate the action of other immune system cells. Using the CNP™ Technology, we can craft tens of thousands of MΦ-CNPs from just one macrophage. The MΦ-CNP is a powerful advancement in therapeutics with versatile applications. First, the MΦ-CNP can effectively absorb and neutralize inflammatory cytokines and can be used to treat diseases such as cytokine storm caused by various types of triggers. Second, the MΦ-CNP can also be made into oral, topical or intraarticular formulations to treat inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and arthritis.